a.   the most difficult assessment item is assessment 2. it was  lengthy and difficult thing.

What was difficult about it and how would you suggest it could be improved?      

  a.  In the second assessment the ERD was abit complicated and i have improved it by discussing it with my friends.

Name three (3) things you learnt this term in COIS20025.

        a.  Context Diagram

         Data Flow Diagram (DFD)

         Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)

What career are you working towards?

       a.       I want to work as a database programmer.

How will you be able to use the knowledge and skills learnt in this course in your future career?

       a.   the skills i have learnt in this course could use as a system analyst.

Q: Post an entry to your blog that gives one example of each type of maintenance task that might be needed ?

A: The four maintainence tasks are:  

Corrective maintenance: Corrective maintainance diagnoses and corrects errors in an operational system. The bowen high school student record system requires the previous  maintainence changes and all maintainence work requires careful analysis before making changes.The improper format of the student records is changed to a new format. 

 Adaptive maintenance:
Adaptive maintainence adds enhancements to an operational system and makes the system easier to use.So the adaptive maintainence is needed for the BHSSRS system in order to add new features or capability like new manufacture technology, or support for a new web-based operation.

Perfective maintenance  Perfective maintainence involves changing an operational system to make it more efficient,reliable, or maintainable.In the Bowen High School Student Record System the system has to built their perfomance and to increase efficiencyand improve system stability.

Preventive maintenance: Preventive maintainence often results in increased user satisfaction, decreased downtime, and reduced TCO. The Bowen High School Student Record System requires preventive maintainence for the future operations. 
]]> http://dineshapparaju11.wordpress.com/2009/01/30/week-10/feed/ 0 dineshapparaju11 http://dineshapparaju11.wordpress.com/2009/01/30/week-9/ http://dineshapparaju11.wordpress.com/2009/01/30/week-9/#comments Fri, 30 Jan 2009 09:36:06 +0000 dineshapparaju11 http://dineshapparaju11.wordpress.com/?p=50 ]]> 1. Post an entry to your blog that explains the implications of using each of these approaches to change from the existing system to the new BHSSRS you have been modelling and designing in assignments 1 and 2. Your post should include discussion of the benefits and problems associated with each approach.

 A) Direct Cutover:  The direct appraoch causes the changeover from the old system to the new system to occur immediately when the new system becomes operational.direct cutover usually is the least changeover method because the IT group has to operate and maintain only one system at a time.In BHSSRS the direct cutover may involve in more risk due to we cannot revert to the old system as a backup option.

Parallel Operation: The parallel operation changeover method requires that both the old and the new information systems operate fully for a specified period.Data is input to both systems, and output generated by the new system is compared with the equivalent output from the old system.

Pilot Operation: The pilot operation changeover method involves implementing  the complete new system at a selected location of the company.In BHSSRS system this operation in students records ,for instance , might be implemented in only one branch office. The implementation of BHSSRS student record system at a selected location may have low risk and low cost.

Phased Operation: The phased operation changeover method allows you to implement the new system in stages, or modules. For example, instead of implementing a new system all at once, you first might install the student record system,then the management and finanace section , and so on.you can implement the each subsystem by using any of the other three changeover methods.

Shelly,G,Chasman,T & Rosenblatt,H 2007,System analysis and design,7th edition,Thomson Course Technology,Boston.

In this book author explains in detail data and process modeling approach of system analysis and design. It also compares the data and process modeling approaches .It also explains many design models like DFD’s Data dictionaries, ERD’s , etc many more that help  the designing a model for the business requirement in an organization.

In this book author explains in detail techniques for database design in relational database systems, starting with the entity relationships(ER) approach for data requirements specification and conceptual modeling and also requirement analysis and logical design to physical design.

Journals:

http://www.igi-global.com/articles/details.asp?id=4331

A. The similarity between data and process modeling are  both that act on    the data. Data model store the data and the dfd shows the movement and trasformati0n of data in the information system.The data store symbol shows the data at rest and the external entity symbol represents  someone or something to be connected to the information system.

• Name one way that data and process modeling are different. Explain how they are different.

A. The data model shows how data moves through an information system and the process model is used to represent how the information system operate. The DFD provides a logical model that shows what the system does. In process model DFD performs the process through information systems and in data modeling the data is stored and accessed.

• Process name
• Process number
• Purpose
• Input Data Flows
• Output Data Flows
• Process description
• Notes

Answer:-

PROCESS 1:

1. Process name: video rental system.
2. Process number: 1.0
3. Purpose: dvd rent, request dvd.
4. Input Data Flows: availability, billing.
5. Output Data Flows: request dvd, payment.
6. Process description: costumer requests dvd to the dvd rental system if dvd is available costumer makes payment and receive dvd.
7. Notes: maintain customer details and dvd details.

PROCESS 2:

1. Process name: DVD library
2. Process number: 1.1
3. Purpose: data store receives details.
4. Input Data Flows: receive details.
5. Output Data Flows: search dvd.
6. Process description: receive the details of the customer and dvd details and sends request to search dvd.
7. Notes: receives dvd details and find dvd.

PROCESS 3:

1. Process name: DVD availability
2. Process number: 1.2
3. Purpose:  check availability of dvd.
4. Input Data Flows: dvd information.
5. Output Data Flows: available, not available.
6. Process description: it sends the information wether the dvd is available or not.
7. Notes: maintains dvd details .

PROCESS 4:

1. Process name: billing
2. Process number: 1.3
3. Purpose: bill payment if dvd is available.
4. Input Data Flows: available, payment.
5. Output Data Flows: produce dvd details/ invoice.
6. Process description: billing is done if the dvd is available and receive payment and send invoice to the customer.
7. Notes: process payment details.

Answer:-

context dfd:

DFD :

Answer 1: Data models represents the way of  data flow in the system at various stages of development.

The fact finding techniques, includes document review, observations, questionnaires and surveys.these techniques  are used before interviewing begins to obtain a good overview and to help develop better interview questions.    

The interviews must be conducted inorder to determine the people to select the right people and inetrview the people from all levels of the organisation.The interview must be taken after the careful preparation because an interview is an important meeting and not a casual chat.

  document review : The document review is an important aspect in every organisation. The data may be stored in different ways such as electronically but in some cases the data may be lost or modified so the document review can help us in maintaining the actual forms and completed documents.

  observation: Observation is an additional perspective and better understanding of a system procedures. Through observation we can notice many things in which we missed in document review.Observe all the steps in a transaction and note the documents,inputs,outputs and processes involved.Productivity improves whenever the workers knew they were being abserved.

  questionnaires and surveys: A questionnaire, also called a survey, is a document containing a number of questions that can be sent to many individuals.Questionnaires can be used to obtain information about a wide range of topics. 

   sampling:  The samples must be collected from the documents inorder to verify the data or study the information.suppose some interviews are conducted in a day, at the end of the day the sampled documents must be reviewed.    

  research: The  data which we need to know more about the company or any organisation we can get the information from internet, newspapers, magazines and the electronic means. 

Question 2: What are process models?

Answer2: Describing the process models by the help of fact finding techniques are as follows:

The process model shows how the process of interview is going on, so that the analyst can better select the right person for the better organisation. This is to know the various steps of process in the organisation.

 Document review: The document review help us to the the process of the information gathered and we can recollect the information which affects the process.

c)Observation: It is the major thing in the organisation because every step is very important in process. If we are careless in observation entire process will be failed. so it takes lots of time to recover the data.

d)Questionaries and Survey: It is the important tool so that the information should be collected from various parts in maintaining the process model.

e)Sampling: The sample can be used to collect the information and verified such that the process of interview may be well known. 

f)Research: The research can get the required process of information on the organisation. we can gather many information on the various topics to maintain the process of the organisation.

Question 3: What textbooks, journals and/or websites might be useful to search for articles about discussing data and process models?

The textbook used to search for articles about discussing data and process models is

Gary.B.Shelly, thomas.J.Chasman, & Harry.J.Rosenblatt,  2006, (PAGE NO 112-119)Systems analysis and design, 6th edition.

Answer 1: The current problems of the bowen high school are described below:

-> The thousands of students are attracted to the BHSSRS by the coal mining boom, so that there is  a  lot of workload on the school staff because of tightening of school budget.

-> There is no integrated system information, i.e., the data is inconsistent, incomplete and not        standardised.

-> The storage of data in a simple stand alone MS-Access database,in a Excel spread sheets and in MS-word documents are not a standardise format i.e., it cannot be shared easily and difficult to process out and filter out for required information.

->The data stored in the different formats are not a user friendly, lot of difficulties may occur in filtering out the useful information and there is also a technical problem of maintaining the three software packages.

-> There is a problem in record keeping to store the number of students in school and the staff working in the school and in some cases duplication of data may be resulted in inefficient and costly system.

-> Moreover, it is difficult to carryout an auditing of school activities due to data stored is not in standardized form and is incomplete, inconsistentand duplicated. 

Question 2: What information do you need to find out about the BHSSRS to develop a detailed understanding of the current system?

Answer 2:The information i need to find out about the BHSSRS to develop a detailed understanding of the current system is specified below:

 -> The first thing to be done is to keep sutdent record system(SRS) to keep track of student information to standardise and enforce procedures of work.

-> Maintain the three major sections .Each section has its own little unique system.

-> The data should be stored in a standardized format and integrated system in order to get the information whatever is requested by the user.

-> At the student administration the staff keep the following information about students: Their personal information including their names, addresses,DOB,gender,contact address etc

-> The grade and class attended by the each student.Each student is alloted a grade with respect to their class.

-> students enrol in 6 subjects at the beginning of the year and do these subjects for the whole duration of the acedamic year. Each subject is identified by its unique code number.

-> Each subject has a number of assessment items such as written assessments,tests and exams in each term.

-> The school has a book lone scheme in which students borrow prescribed textbooks from the school and return them when they are due. A record must be kept for these borrowings.

->The student administration needs to whether the students have paid their fees in full, if the students have not paid their fees in full by a given date then a ‘hold’ may be issued against them.

-> At the beginning of the each year, student administration gives each teacher the class lists for all the subjects they have been assign to teach. Each class list includes the class code,student names, Id, a telephone contact and may be an email address if they have them.

-> The teachers contribute to the information stored about students in the following way:

       . Teachers assess students in all subjects they are enrolled in.

       . At the end of each semester(a semester is two terms) subject marks are finalised and given  to student administration. Teachers then produce student semester reports(SSR).